Name
Pentraxin 3, Human, ELISA kit
Catalog nr
HK347
(lot number and expiry date are indicated on the label)
Short description
Pentraxins are a superfamily of acute phase reactants charactarized by a pentameric structure. The C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum amyloid P-component (SAP) are well-charactarized short pentraxins, which are produced in the liver in response to inflammatory mediators. Pentraxin 3 (PTX3), also known as Tumor necrosis factor-Stimulated Gene 14 (TSG-14), is the prototypic long pentraxin, with...
Size
2 x 96 det.
Application
Manual
Description
Pentraxins are a superfamily of acute phase reactants charactarized by a pentameric structure. The C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum amyloid P-component (SAP) are well-charactarized short pentraxins, which are produced in the liver in response to inflammatory mediators. Pentraxin 3 (PTX3), also known as Tumor necrosis factor-Stimulated Gene 14 (TSG-14), is the prototypic long pentraxin, with a high degree of conservation from mouse to man.
Human PTX3 encodes a 381 amino acid, 45 kDa secretory glycoprotein with a 162 amino acid N-terminal extension and a 202 amino acid C-terminal pentraxin domain. The protein is locally produced and released by a variety of cell types including macrophages, neutrophils, myeloid-derived mesangial cells, synovial cells, smooth muscle cells, alveolar epithelium, and glial cells.
PTX3 is induced in response to either inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1 β (IL-1 β) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) or the selected associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). PTX3 has a dual role in the regulation of the innate immune response. Via its C-terminal pentraxin domain, immobilized PTX3 will bind complement component C1q to induce classical complement activation. However, fluid-phase PTX3 inhibits classical complement activation. Furthermore, PTX3 participates in the clearance of apoptic cells.
PTX3 is elevated in critically ill patients, with a gradient from systematic inflammatory resonse syndrome to septic shock, and in several other diseases, such as mycocardial infarction, rheumatoid arthritis, atherosclerosis, small vessel vasculitis and psoriasis. Furthermore serum levels of PTX3 are higher in preeclamsia compared with normal pregancies.
Application
The human pentraxin 3 ELISA has been developed for the quantitative measurement of natural and recombinant human pentraxin 3 in plasma and cell culture medium. In plasma samples human pentraxin 3 can be measured accurately if serum or plasma samples are diluted at least 4 times. Most reliable results are obtained if EDTA plasma is used. Please be aware that human pentraxin 3 is released from neutrophils into serum in the process of blood coagulation. This will lead to false positive and difficult to interpret results of serum samples. Therefore it is advised to use 'careful plasma'.
Features
- Minimum concentration which can be measured is 78 pg/ml human pentraxin 3.
- Measurable concentration range of 78-5000 pg/ml.
- Working volume of 100 µl/well.
Typical standard curve
Principle
- The human pentraxin 3 ELISA is a ready-to-use solid-phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on the sandwich principle with a working time of 3½ hours.
- The efficient format of 2 plates with twelve disposable 8-well strips allows free choice of batch size for the assay.
- Samples and standards are captured by a solid bound specific antibody.
- Biotinylated tracer antibody will bind to captured human pentraxin 3.
- Streptavidin-peroxidase conjugate will bind to the biotinylated tracer antibody.
- Streptavidin-peroxidase conjugate will react with the substrate, tetramethylbenzidine (TMB).
- The enzyme reaction is stopped by the addition of citric acid.
- The absorbance at 450 nm is measured with a spectrophotometer. A standard curve is obtained by plotting the absorbance (linear) versus the corresponding concentrations of the human pentraxin 3 standards (log).
- The human pentraxin 3 concentration of samples, which are run concurrently with the standards, can be determined from the standard curve.
Aliases
Tumor necrosis factor Stimulated Gene 14 (TSG-14)
Storage and stability
Product should be stored at 4°C. Under recommended storage conditions, product is stable for at least six months. After reconstitution the reagents are stable for 1 month if stored at 2-8°C. After reconstitution the standard is stable for 12 hour. For longer stability we recommend to store aliquots at -20°C.
Linearity
The linearity of the assay was determined by serially diluting a sample containing 2353 pg/ml human pentraxin 3. The diluted samples were measured in the assay. The line obtained a slope of 1.005 and a correlation coefficient of 1.000.
References
- Peri, G. et al; PTX3, a prototypical long pentraxin, is a early indicator of acute myocardial infarction in Humans. Circulation 2000, 102: 636
- Fazzini F. et al; PTX3 in Small-Vessel Vasculitides. An independent indicator of disease activity produced at sites of inflammation. Arthritis Rheum 2001, 44: 2841
Precautions
For research use only. Not for use in or on humans or animals or for diagnostics. It is the responsibility of the user to comply with all local/state and federal rules in the use of this product. Hycult Biotech is not responsible for any patent infringements that might result from the use or derivation of this product.
Also available
References
- Peri, G. et al; PTX3, a prototypical long pentraxin, is a early indicator of acute myocardial infarction in Humans. Circulation 2000, 102: 636
- Fazzini F. et al; PTX3 in Small-Vessel Vasculitides. An independent indicator of disease activity produced at sites of inflammation. Arthritis Rheum 2001, 44: 2841
Scientific info
PTX3, a biomarker for vascular inflammation
Pentraxins are a superfamily of acute phase reactants characterised by a pentameric structure. The C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum amyloid P-component (SAP) are well-characterised short pentraxins, wich are produced in the liver in response to inflammatory mediators. Pentraxin 3 (PTX3), also known as Tumor necrosis factor-Stimulated Gene 14 (TSG-14), is the prototypic long pentraxin, with a high degree of conservation from mouse to man.
Human PTX3 encodes a 381 amino acid, 45 kDa secretory glycoprotein with a 162 amino acid N-terminal extension and a 202 amino acid C-terminal pentraxin domain. The protein is locally produced and released by a variety of cell types including macrophages, neutrophils, myeloid-derived mesangial cells, synovial cells, smooth muscle cells, alveolar epithelium, and glial cells.
PTX3 is secreted in response to recognition of microbial moieties and inflammatory signals. During the early phases of inflammation, neutrophils are present abundantly. Neutrophils represent a major source of PTX3. PTX3 levels increase rapidly under conditions of tissue damage or infection. For example, in acute myocardial infarction with ST elevation, PTX3 achieves a peak in 6-8h, compared to CRP with 36-48h.
PTX3 has a dual role in the regulation of the innate immune response. Via its C-terminal pentraxin domain, immobilized PTX3 will bind complement component C1q to induce classical complement activation. However, fluid-phase PTX3 inhibits classical complement activation. Furthermore, PTX3 participates in the clearance of apoptotic cells.
The level of plasma PTX3 in healthy individuals is 2 ng/ml, whereas in patients suffering from myocardial infarction plasma PTX3 levels up to 7 ng/ml, and in patients suffering from severe dengue virus infections plasma PTX3 levels up to 148 ng/ml have been reported.
Special features of the assay:
• Human pentraxin 3 ELISA has a standard curve of 37.5 to 2400 pg/ml
• Detection level of 37.5 pg/ml
• Useful for plasma
• No cross reactivity for CRP and SAP
Useful marker for:
• systematic inflammatory response syndrome
• septic shock
• glomerulonephritis
• myocardial infarction
• rheumatoid arthritis
• atherosclerosis
• small vessel vasculitis
• psoriasis
References:
1. Bussolati B et al; The long pentraxin PTX3 is synthesized in IgA Glomeruslonephritis and activates mesangial cells. J Immunol 2003, 170: 1466
2. Jaillon S et al; The humoral pattern recognition receptor PTX3 is stored in neutrophil granules and localizes in extracellular traps. J Exp Med 2007, 204: 793
3. Jaillon, S et al; Endogenous PTX3 translocates at the membrane of late apoptotic human neutrophils and is involved in their engulfment by macrophages. Cell Death Differ 2009, 16: 465
4. Fazzini F et al; PTX3 in small-vessel vasculitides. An independent indicator of disease activity produced at sites of inflammation. Arthritis Rheum 2001, 44: 2841
5. Peri, G et al; PTX3, a prototypical long pentraxin, is an early indicator of acute myocardial infarction in humans. Circulation 2000, 102: 636
6. Inforzato A et al; Structure and function of the long pentraxin PTX3 glyosidic moiety: fine- tuning of the interaction with C1q and complement activation. Biochem 2006, 45: 11540
Pentraxins are a superfamily of acute phase reactants characterised by a pentameric structure. The C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum amyloid P-component (SAP) are well-characterised short pentraxins, wich are produced in the liver in response to inflammatory mediators. Pentraxin 3 (PTX3), also known as Tumor necrosis factor-Stimulated Gene 14 (TSG-14), is the prototypic long pentraxin, with a high degree of conservation from mouse to man.
Human PTX3 encodes a 381 amino acid, 45 kDa secretory glycoprotein with a 162 amino acid N-terminal extension and a 202 amino acid C-terminal pentraxin domain. The protein is locally produced and released by a variety of cell types including macrophages, neutrophils, myeloid-derived mesangial cells, synovial cells, smooth muscle cells, alveolar epithelium, and glial cells.
PTX3 is secreted in response to recognition of microbial moieties and inflammatory signals. During the early phases of inflammation, neutrophils are present abundantly. Neutrophils represent a major source of PTX3. PTX3 levels increase rapidly under conditions of tissue damage or infection. For example, in acute myocardial infarction with ST elevation, PTX3 achieves a peak in 6-8h, compared to CRP with 36-48h.
PTX3 has a dual role in the regulation of the innate immune response. Via its C-terminal pentraxin domain, immobilized PTX3 will bind complement component C1q to induce classical complement activation. However, fluid-phase PTX3 inhibits classical complement activation. Furthermore, PTX3 participates in the clearance of apoptotic cells.
The level of plasma PTX3 in healthy individuals is 2 ng/ml, whereas in patients suffering from myocardial infarction plasma PTX3 levels up to 7 ng/ml, and in patients suffering from severe dengue virus infections plasma PTX3 levels up to 148 ng/ml have been reported.
Special features of the assay:
• Human pentraxin 3 ELISA has a standard curve of 37.5 to 2400 pg/ml
• Detection level of 37.5 pg/ml
• Useful for plasma
• No cross reactivity for CRP and SAP
Useful marker for:
• systematic inflammatory response syndrome
• septic shock
• glomerulonephritis
• myocardial infarction
• rheumatoid arthritis
• atherosclerosis
• small vessel vasculitis
• psoriasis
References:
1. Bussolati B et al; The long pentraxin PTX3 is synthesized in IgA Glomeruslonephritis and activates mesangial cells. J Immunol 2003, 170: 1466
2. Jaillon S et al; The humoral pattern recognition receptor PTX3 is stored in neutrophil granules and localizes in extracellular traps. J Exp Med 2007, 204: 793
3. Jaillon, S et al; Endogenous PTX3 translocates at the membrane of late apoptotic human neutrophils and is involved in their engulfment by macrophages. Cell Death Differ 2009, 16: 465
4. Fazzini F et al; PTX3 in small-vessel vasculitides. An independent indicator of disease activity produced at sites of inflammation. Arthritis Rheum 2001, 44: 2841
5. Peri, G et al; PTX3, a prototypical long pentraxin, is an early indicator of acute myocardial infarction in humans. Circulation 2000, 102: 636
6. Inforzato A et al; Structure and function of the long pentraxin PTX3 glyosidic moiety: fine- tuning of the interaction with C1q and complement activation. Biochem 2006, 45: 11540
MSDS
| Related products | Cat # | |
|---|---|---|
| SAA, Human, ELISA kit | HK333 | |
| SAP, Human, ELISA kit | HK331 | |