Technical datasheet
Description
The monoclonal antibody 1G11B1 recognizes vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1). VCAM-1 is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily of adhesion molecules, which includes ICAMs, PECAM-s and MADCAM, and is involved in leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions. The immunoglobulin superfamily is a type I transmembrane protein characterized by extracellular immunoglobin domains, a transmembrane region and a cytoplasmic tail. They are essential for the development of the embryo and for immune and inflammatory responses. These transmembrane glycoproteins mediate cell interaction with, and adhesion to, other cells and the extracellular matrix. VCAM-1 contains six immunoglobulin domains of the H-type and interacts with VLA-4 expressed on leukocytes. Multiple adhesion molecules play a role in leukocyte recruitment. The process of migration of a leukocyte through the vascular endothelium consists of the following steps: leukocyte-endothelium interaction (first tethering and rolling and than adhesion) and transendothelial migration. VCAM-1 is almost not expressed under physiological conditions. However, under appropriate pro-inflammatory conditions where the endothelium is exposed to inflammatory cytokines such as tumour necrosis factor-α or IL-1b and becomes activated, VCAM-1 gene expression is rapid elevated by the vascular endothelium. There is also a soluble form of VCAM-1 which is angiogenic and chemotactic for endothelial cells. sVCAM-1 is up-regulated in several disease states (eg, myocardial infarction, type 2 diabetes mellitus, primary antiphospholipid syndrome, and rheumatoid arthritis).
Immunogen
Full length protein
Formulation
0.5 ml (100 µg/ml) 0.2 µm filtered biotinylated antibody solution in PBS, containing 0.02% sodium azide and 0.1% bovine serum albumin.
Species
Mouse IgG1
Application
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F3,4
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FC5
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FS1,2
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IA
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IF
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IP1
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P
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W
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Yes
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No
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N.D.
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N.D.= Not Determined; F = Frozen sections; FC = Flow Cytometry; FS = Functional Studies; IA = Immuno Assays; IF = Immuno Fluorescence; IP = Immuno Precipitation; P = Paraffin sections; W = Western blot
Application notes
F: Cryostatic sections were fixed in acetone, and incubated with mAb at 10µg/ml in PBS/0.1% tween20
FC: 1µg mAb per 1x105 cells
FS: Stimulated EC were preincubated for 30’ at 37°C with mAb and than used in adhesion assay with T-cells
IP: precleared EC lysates were immunoprecipitated with mAB and analyzed by 7.5% SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions
Use
For immunohistochemistry, dilutions to be used depend on detection system applied. It is recommended that users test the reagent and determine their own optimal dilutions. The typical starting working dilution is 1:50.
Aliases
CD106, INCAM-100, L1CAM, MGC99561; DKFZp779G2333;
Positive control
Activated endothelial cells
Storage and stability
Product should be stored at 4°C. Under recommended storage conditions, product is stable for at least one year. The exact expiry date is indicated on the label.
References
1. Thornhill, M et al; Tumor necrosis factor combines with IL-4 or IFN-gamma to selectively enhance endothelial cells adhesiveness for T cells. The contribution of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1-dependent and -independent binding mechanisms. J Immunology 1991, 146: 592
2. Van der Vieren, M. et al; The Leukocyte Integrin alpha4beta2 binds VCAM-1: Evidence for a binding interface between I domain and VCAM-1. J Immunol 1999, 163:1984
3. Dienst, A et al; Specific occlusion of murine and human tumor vasculature by VCAM-1-Targeted recombinant fusion protein. J Natl Cancer Inst 2005, 97 :733
4. Wijbrandt, C et al; The clinical response to infliximab in rheumatoid arthritis is in part dependent on pretreatment tumour necrosis factor α expression in the synovium. Ann Rheum Dis 2008, 67:1139
5. Roussel, L et al; IL-17 Promotes p38 MAPK-dependent endothelial activation enhancing neutrophil recruitment to sites of inflammation. J immunol. 2010, 184:4531
Precautions
For research use only. Not for use in or on humans or animals or for diagnostics. It is the responsibility of the user to comply with all local/state and federal rules in the use of this product. Hycult Biotech is not responsible for any patent infringements that might result from the use or derivation of this product.
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