Name
LAL Chromogenic Endpoint Assay
Catalog nr
HIT302
(lot number and expiry date are indicated on the label)
Short description
Bacterial endotoxin, like lipopolysaccharide (LPS), is a fever-producing by-product of gram-negative bacteria commonly known as pyrogen. The principle of the test is based on the fact that bacteria cause intravascular coagulation in the American horseshoe crab, Limulus polyphemus. The agent responsible for the clotting phenomena resided in the crab's amoebocytes, or circulating blood cells, a...
Size
3 x 96 det.
Application
Manual
Description
Bacterial endotoxin, like lipopolysaccharide (LPS), is a fever-producing by-product of gram-negative bacteria commonly known as pyrogen. The principle of the test is based on the fact that bacteria cause intravascular coagulation in the American horseshoe crab, Limulus polyphemus. The agent responsible for the clotting phenomena resided in the crab's amoebocytes, or circulating blood cells, and that pyrogen (bacterial endotoxin) triggered the turbidity and gel-forming reaction enzymatically. Thus, endotoxin causes an opacity and gelation in Limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL), which is based on an enzymatic reaction. The simplicity and economy of the LAL chromogenic endpoint assay encourages the testing of various biologicals (including sera), devices, (air)filters and tissue culture medium for the presence of harmful levels of endotoxin.
Application
The Hycult Biotech LAL assay is intended for the quantitative measurement of endotoxin in culture medium, buffers, plasma, serum and other solutions. The kit has a minimum detection limit of 0.04 EU/ml and a measurable concentration range of 0.04 to 10.0 EU/ml
Features
- Minimum concentration which can be measured is 0.04 EU/ml.
- Measurable concentration range of 0.04-10 EU/ml.
- Working volume of 50 µl/well.
- Operating at pH 6.5-8.0.
Typical standard curve
Principle
- The LAL assay is an enzyme-based assay with a working time of 45 minutes.
- The efficient format of 3 plates with twelve disposable 8-well strips allows free choice of batch size for the assay.
- Samples and standards are incubated with LAL reagent.
- The enzymatic reaction, triggered by endotoxin, will cause a yellow color to develop upon cleavage of the chromophore, p-nitroaniline.
- The enzymatic reaction is stopped by the addition of acetic acid.
- The absorbance at 405 nm is measured with a spectrophotometer. A standard curve is obtained by plotting the absorbance (linear) versus the corresponding concentrations of the E. coli standards (log).
- The endotoxin concentration of samples, which are run concurrently with the standards, can be determined from the standard curve.
Storage and stability
Product should be stored at 4°C. Under recommended storage conditions, product is stable for at least six months. After reconstitution the reagents are stable for 1 month if stored at 2-8°C, except for the E. coli standard and the LAL reagent. They should be stored in aliquots at -20° C after reconstitution.
Recovery
Recovery is evaluated by interference (inhibition/enhancement) testing through spiking a sample or diluted sample with a known concentration of endotoxin and testing for spike recovery in duplicate following the assay procedure. In general, serum samples contain interfering factors. Therefore, we recommend to perform recovery experiments to confirm the reliability of endotoxin detection in serum. For interference testing select a point at or near the middle of the standard curve. The calculated mean amount of endotoxin in the spiked sample, when referenced to the standard curve, must be within 50-200% to be considered free of inhibition or enhancement. Failure to recover the spike within 50-200% indicates sample interference. Further dilute the sample in endotoxin free water until the spike is recovered consistently by the assay.
References
- Gonçalves, S et al; Association between renal function, volume status and endotoxaemia in chronic kidney disease patients. Nephrol Dial Transpl 2006, 21: 2788.
- Bowdish, D et al; The human cationic peptide LL-37 induces activation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase and p38 kinase pathways in primary human monocytes. J Immunol 2004, 172: 3758.
Precautions
For research use only. Not for use in or on humans or animals or for diagnostics. It is the responsibility of the user to comply with all local/state and Federal rules in the use of this product. Hycult Biotech is not responsible for any patent infringements that might result with the use of or derivation of this product. All materials coming in contact with specimen or test material should be endotoxin-free.
Also available
References
- Gonçalves, S et al; Association between renal function, volume status and endotoxaemia in chronic kidney disease patients. Nephrol Dial Transpl 2006, 21: 2788.
- Bowdish, D et al; The human cationic peptide LL-37 induces activation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase and p38 kinase pathways in primary human monocytes. J Immunol 2004, 172: 3758.
MSDS
| Related products | Cat # | |
|---|---|---|
| LBP, Human, ELISA kit | HK315-02 | |
| EndoCab, Human, ELISA kit | HK504 | |
| ENDOBLOCK LBP ELISA kit | HIT301 | |