sMD-2 and sMD-2/TLR4, Human, mAb 4H1
Quantity:
100 µg
Catalog #:
HM2243
Related Products
The monoclonal antibody 4H1 reacts with soluble MD-2 (sMD-2) and the sMD-2/Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4, CD284) complex. TLRs belong to a family of proteins that specifically recognizes and senses microbial products. They are highly conserved throughout evolution and act as innate immune recognition receptors against many pathogens. TLR4 is a functional receptor for gram-negative bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS). TLR4 associates with MD-2 which is absolutely required for LPS-induced activation of TLR4. MD-2 exists as a cell surface protein in association with TLR4. It also exists as secreted forms consisting of MD-2 monomer and multimers. Circulating sMD-2 is mainly present as a doublet of ~20 and 25 kD, representing differentially glycosylated forms. Unlike TLR4, sMD-2 binds directly LPS without the need of soluble CD14 (sCD14). However, LPS-MD-2 interactions are increased when LPS is pretreated with CD14. Only monomeric sMD-2 is biologically active and able to associate with TLR4 and LPS. sMD-2 circulates in plasma of healthy individuals as a non-active, polymeric protein. In septic plasma, the total amount of sMD-2 was strongly elevated and contained both sMD-2 polymers and monomers. Soluble MD-2 is proposed to be an important mediator of organ inflammation during sepsis. During experimental human endotoxemia, the monomeric and total sMD-2 content in plasma increased with the kinetics of an acute phase protein. This parallels enhanced TLR4 costimulatory activity. In vitro studies revealed that sMD-2 release appears to be restricted to endothelial and dendritic cells. The monoclonal antibody 4H1 reacts with both the monomeric and the polymeric form of sMD-2. In addition, the monoclonal antibody 4H1 is able to inhibit LPS binding to MD-2.It does not cross-react with mouse MD-2.
| Product type | Monoclonal antibodies |
|---|---|
| Quantity | 100 µg |
| Formulation | 1 ml (100 µg/ml) 0.2 µm filtered antibody solution in PBS, containing 0.1% bovine serum albumin. |
| Application | Flow cytometry, Functional studies, Immuno assays, Immuno fluorescence, Western blot |
| Use | For immuno assay, Western blotting and immunofluorescence, dilutions to be used depend on detection system applied. It is recommended that users test the reagent and determine their own optimal dilutions. The typical starting working dilution is 1:50. For functional studies, dilutions have to be made according to the amounts of MD-2 to be inactivated. |
| Immunogen | Baculovirally expressed His-tagged human MD-2 |
| Isotype | Mouse IgG1 |
| Species | Human |
| Alias | Lymphocyte antigen 96, ESOP-1, LY96 |
| References | Viriyakosol, S et al; Characterization of monoclonal antibodies to human soluble MD-2 protein. Hybridoma 2006, 25: 349 |
| Storage and stability | Product should be stored at 4 °C. Under recommended storage conditions, product is stable for one year. |
| Precautions | For research use only. Not for use in or on humans or animals or for diagnostics. It is the responsibility of the user to comply with all local/state and Federal rules in the use of this product. Hycult Biotech is not responsible for any patent infringements that might result with the use or derivation of this product. |
| Disease | Infectious diseases |
| Application: | Flow cytometry, Functional studies, Immuno assays, Immuno fluorescence, Western blot |
|---|---|
| Use: | For immuno assay, Western blotting and immunofluorescence, dilutions to be used depend on detection system applied. It is recommended that users test the reagent and determine their own optimal dilutions. The typical starting working dilution is 1:50. For functional studies, dilutions have to be made according to the amounts of MD-2 to be inactivated. |
| References: | Viriyakosol, S et al; Characterization of monoclonal antibodies to human soluble MD-2 protein. Hybridoma 2006, 25: 349 |
|---|
CoA-TDS HM2200 - 2300
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