Transgelin, Human, clone 4G4

Monoclonal antibody HM2405 clone 4G4 recognizes human transgelin, also called SM-22.

Transgelin is a 22 kDa calponin-like protein and exists as different isoforms a-d based on different pH. It is a water-soluble protein which is abundantly expressed by intestinal smooth muscle tissues. Its role is not complete clear but it seems to play a role in differentiation and maturation of smooth muscle cells.

Transgelin is considered to be a biomarker for acute intestinal ischemia (AII) and leiomyosarcoma. AII is a relative rare abdominal emergency associated with considerable high morbidity and mortality as a consequence of obstruction of mesenteric blood flow associated with surgical procedures, hemorrhagic shock, trauma and sepsis. This leads to severe damage to the intestinal barrier and integrity. It is hypothesized that this transmural injury will lead to release of smooth muscle cell proteins like transgelin. Indeed, it has been shown that elevated levels of transgelin have been found in patients with transmural ischemia compared to controls.

The diagnosis of leiomyosarcoma is clinically important because it has been reported that soft tissue sarcomas showing a myoid differentiation, most often a smooth muscle differentiation, are more aggressive than those with no myoid differentiation. Transgelin correlates with smooth muscle differentiation. It was found that transgelin was one of the most represented in leiomyosarcomatous differentiation.