Classical Complement Pathway, Human, Assay

Features activity assay:

• Quantitative measurement of complement activation
• Working at low serum dilutions resulting in less false negative results
• High throughput and offers higher reproducibility in comparison to hemolytic assays
• Assay time less than 2 hours

The complement system is pivotal in the immune response, functioning in both innate and adaptive immunity. It includes various proteins and receptors present in the body, with three activation pathways: classical complement pathway (CP), lectin pathway (LP), and alternative pathway (AP). The CP starts with C1q binding to immune complexes, leading to C1r and C1s activation and eventually forming C4b2b, a C3 convertase. All three pathways converge at C3b formation, initiating the second convertase that cleaves C5 into C5a and C5b, amplifying complement activity.

Assessing complement proteins, or complement activity, is crucial in clinical settings. Traditional assays like hemolysis tests are challenging to standardize. ELISA-based tests face limitations due to high serum dilutions. The HK3010 classical complement pathway activity assay overcomes these issues, making it a valuable tool for identifying complement abnormalities and deficiencies.

Complement inhibitors, used in therapy, demand accurate, standardized, and high-throughput complement activity assessment. This not only screens the system for diseases but also identifies candidates for complement inhibition, essential given the high costs of complement inhibitors. The HK3010 assay measures complement function in serum, utilizing human IgM-coated wells to detect the MAC complex with a C9 neo-epitope antibody. By applying regression analysis and a specific inhibitor to prevent pathway interference, this assay accurately measures complement activity and inhibitory capacity with an initial serum dilution of 40x.

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