C3/C3b, Human, mAb 755

Exploring the Role of C3/C3b in Innate Immunity and Complement Activation

The complement system, a cornerstone of innate immunity, involves crucial components like C3/C3b. This key element is central to the classical, alternative, and lectin pathways of complement activation, highlighting its significance in immune defense mechanisms.

Synthesis and Abundance

The synthesis of C3, is tissue-specific and influenced by various stimulatory agents. As the most abundant protein in the complement system, C3 has significant serum protein levels, about 1.3 mg/ml. Understanding the synthesis and regulation of C3 helps in comprehending the dynamics of C3/C3b.

Disease and Immune Response

A deficiency in C3/C3b can lead to increased susceptibility to bacterial infections, underlining its protective role. In contrast, the deposition of C3 fragments, including C3/C3b, is observed in diseases like ulcerative colitis and chronic inflammatory bowel disease, indicating its role in immunopathology.

The Mechanism of C3/C3b Formation and Function

Upon activation of the complement system, enzymes cleave C3 into C3b (part of C3/C3b) and C3a. C3b binds to immune complexes and undergoes further cleavage into various fragments. Within the alternative pathway, C3b is essential for amplifying the immune response, highlighting the critical role in this process.

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